Using tampons, cups and discs

Internal products are brilliant for swimming, sport and white trousers, but the first few goes can feel fiddly. That is normal. Here is the practical guide.

Getting started

1. Read the leaflet in the box. Every brand is a bit different, and the NHS says tampons come with instructions for a reason.
2. Wash your hands first (and after).
3. Pick the lowest absorbency for your flow. The FDA says if one tampon lasts 8 hours without changing, it may be too absorbent.
4. Relax if you can. Tensing makes insertion harder. Try different positions, such as one foot up on the loo seat or squatting.
5. Check it feels right. The NHS says that when a tampon is in properly you should not be able to feel it. If you can feel it or it hurts, it may not be in far enough.

For cups and discs, the folding, positioning and removal are different for each design. Follow the instructions that come with yours. Many people need two or three cycles to feel confident, and it is fine to use a pad or period pants as backup meanwhile.

How long can they stay in?

• Tampons: change at least every 4 to 8 hours (ACOG and the FDA). Never leave one in for more than 8 hours.
• Cups: empty every 8 to 12 hours, sooner on heavy days (ACOG).
• Discs: follow the packet, as times vary by brand.
• Overnight: if you will sleep for more than 8 hours, a tampon is not ideal. A pad, period pants or a cup that is rated for overnight use may suit better. If you do use a tampon, put in a fresh one just before bed and take it out as soon as you wake up.

When things go wrong

• Stuck or forgotten tampon: the NHS says it cannot get lost, but it can turn sideways or become compressed, which makes it hard to pull out. If you cannot remove it, see your GP or ask NHS 111 where to go. Do not poke around with sharp objects.
• Strong smell or unusual discharge: a forgotten tampon is a common cause. See the guide on smells for what else it could be.
• Cup will not come out: relax and follow the removal steps in the leaflet (most involve pinching the base to break the seal before pulling). If it will not budge, ask for help from a pharmacist, GP or NHS 111.
• Pain, itching or soreness: stop using the product. The FDA says to contact a health professional if you have pain, fever or unusual symptoms with tampons.